Gurania.
Gurania (Schltdl.) Cogn.
Gurania (Schltdl.) Cogn., Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 14: 239. 1875.
Type: Gurania spinulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.; basionym: Anguria spinulosa Poepp. & Endl., Poeppig 1393 (W (photo, K)), Peru, lectotype designated by J. Hutchinson, Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 391. 1967.
Dieudonnaea Cogn. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 14: 239. 1875.
Ranugia (Schltdl.) Post & O. Kuntze, Lex. 476 1903, (‚1904‘).
Climber with 15 or more meters long woody or herbaceous shoots and monoecious sex system with plants first male, then female. The leaves are simple, petiolate, with ovate-cordate, palmately-lobed or 3-foliolate blade. The tendrils are simple. The flowers are medium-sized, male flowers are produced in fascicles or racemes, female flowers solitary or in small groups. The receptacle-tube is bright orange to red, urceolate to cylindrical with prominent, shiny orange to red, fleshy sepals, sometimes with green or yellow tip. The five petals are orange, inconspicuous, lanceolate, erect, fleshy. Usually two stamens, which are inserted halfway up the tube on short filaments and bithecous anthers. The thecae are curved to convolute and contain pollen in tetrads of 149-174 µm in diameter, the monads are triporate, reticulate or psilate and baculate, medium-sized to large (polar axis 78-88 µm, equatorial axis 94-111 µm, (Khunwasi 1998)). The ovary is cylindrical, smooth with two placentae, many, horizontal ovules and two stigmata. The fruits are fleshy, to 7 cm long and 2-3 cm across, cylindrical to pear-shaped, indehiscent, ripening green. Each fruit contains many oblong-elliptic, compressed seeds in yellow pulp. The testa is smooth, grey to blackish, sometimes slightly marginate.
Gurania species grow in tropical forest from Central to South America. There are currently 72 accepted species of Gurania in „plant list“ but there is no comprehensive modern revision of the genus available. The actual species number is probably around 35-40.
Phylogenetically, Gurania is placed in tribe Coniandreae, where it groups with Psiguria and Wilbrandia (Schaefer et al. 2009; Schaefer & Renner 2011).
Accepted species
Gurania acuminata Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 21. 1876.
Gurania angustiflora Cuatrec., Caldasia 1: 25. 1942.
Gurania annulata Rusby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 382. 1927.
Gurania arrabidae (Schltdl.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 17. 1876.
Gurania autranii Cogn., Pflanzenr. IV, 275 I: 215. 1916.
Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 33: 354. 1978.
Gurania boliviana Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3: 38. 1893.
Gurania brevipedunculata Cogn., Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr. 5: 256. 1909.
Gurania brevisepala Cuatrec., Caldasia 1: 22. 1942.
Gurania candolleana Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 42. 1876.
Gurania capitata (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 18. 1876.
Gurania castroi Cuatrec., Caldasia 1: 26. 1942.
Gurania cinerea Suess., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 277. 1932.
Gurania coccinea Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 42. 1876.
Gurania cogniauxiana Barb.Rodr., Pl. Jard. Rio de Janeiro 4: 16. 1894.
Gurania costaricensis Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 37. 1876.
Gurania crinita Huber, Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève II, 6: 212. ‚1914‘ [1915].
Gurania dugandii Cuatrec., Caldasia 2: 141. 1943.
Gurania eriantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 16. 1876.
Gurania gracilis Cogn., Pflanzenr. IV, 275 I: 207. 1916.
Gurania guentheri Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 990. 1926.
Gurania guyanensis (Klotzsch ex Schltdl.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 18. 1876.
Gurania heteromorpha Cuatrec., Caldasia 2: 143. 1943.
Gurania huberi Cogn., Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr. 5: 257. 1909.
Gurania huebneri Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 1052. 1930.
Gurania insolita Cogn., Pflanzenr. IV, 275 I: 209. 1916.
Gurania latifolia Rusby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 383. 1927.
Gurania lignosa Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 27. 1876.
Gurania lobata (L.) Pruski, Brittonia 51: 329. 1999.
Gurania longiflora Cogn., Pflanzenr. IV, 275 I: 211. 1916.
Gurania longipetala Cogn., Pflanzenr. IV, 275 I: 201. 1916.
Gurania macrantha Cuatrec., Caldasia 2: 145. 1943.
Gurania macrophylla Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 28. 1876.
Gurania macrotricha Cuatrec., Caldasia 1: 23. 1942.
Gurania makoyana (Lem.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 17. 1876.
Gurania malacophylla Barb.Rodr., Pl. Jard. Rio de Janeiro 4: 10. 1894.
Gurania nervosa Cuatrec., Caldasia 1: 23. 1942.
Gurania nigrescens C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 33: 356. 1978.
Gurania orteguazensis Cuatrec., Caldasia 2: 147. 1943.
Gurania ovata Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 26. 1876.
Gurania oxyphylla C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 33: 356. 1978.
Gurania paulista Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 23. 1876.
Gurania pedata Sprague, Trans. & Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 22: 433. 1905.
Gurania pittieri Cogn., Pflanzenr. IV, 275 I: 198. 1916.
Gurania plumosa Rusby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 382. 1927.
Gurania polypoda Cuatrec., Caldasia 1: 21. 1942.
Gurania pseudospinulosa Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 36. 1876.
Gurania pycnocephala Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 182. 1927.
Gurania repandodentata Herzog, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 69. 1909.
Gurania reticulata Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 3. 1876.
Gurania rhizantha (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 33: 357. 1978.
Gurania robusta Suess., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 378. 1932.
Gurania rufipila Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 30. 1876.
Gurania sararensis Cuatrec., Caldasia 1(5): 24. 1942.
Gurania sellowiana (Schltdl.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 39. 1876.
Gurania sessiliflora Hampshire, Novon 2: 201. 1992.
Gurania simplicifolia (Steyerm.) C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 33: 357. 1978.
Gurania sinuata (Benth.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 16. 1876.
Gurania smithii Standl., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 1 4: 353. 1937.
Gurania spruceana Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 36. 1876.
Gurania steinbachii Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 1042. 1926.
Gurania suberosa Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 461. 1925.
Gurania subumbellata (Miq.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 17. 1876.
Gurania tonduziana Donn.Sm., Bot. Gaz. 31: 112. 1901.
Gurania trialata Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 29. 1876.
Gurania tricuspidata Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 35. 1876.
Gurania tubulosa Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 30. 1876.
Gurania vaupesana Cuatrec., Caldasia 1: 21. 1942.
Gurania velutina Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 37. 1876.
Gurania villosa Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 25. 1876.
Gurania wageneriana (Schltdl.) Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 17. 1876.
Gurania wawrae Cogn., Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 1: 39. 1876.
Literature
Khunwasi, C. 1998. Palynology of the Cucurbitaceae. Doctoral Dissertation Naturwiss. Fak., University of Innsbruck.
Schaefer, H. and S.S. Renner. 2011. Phylogenetic relationships in the order Cucurbitales and a new classification of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae). Taxon 60: 122-138.
Schaefer, H., Heibl, C., and S.S. Renner. 2009. Gourds afloat: a dated phylogeny reveals an Asian origin of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae) and numerous oversea dispersal events. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276: 843-851.
